(ten,1528) = 5.11, P Table 5 Overall tick burden and tick burden by categories of the temperature-humidity index (means ± standard errors) in four Colombian cattle breeds
Dialogue
There can be a light level of investigation about literary works into the tick load in the cattle to have exotic regions on the Americas. Really studies about this thing was carried out in subtropical nations such as for example South Africa [8, 15], regions that have high high temperatures such Egypt and you will Pakistan , and many exotic countries such as for example Tanzania and Nigeria . Tick burden is frequently said having fun with transformed studies, that produces effect testing to own real tick burden difficult to translate. This study suggests the genuine tick load and its own experience of heat fret indices within the four Bos taurus types based in three different geographic regions of Colombia (the new Caribbean, Andean and Orinoquia nations). Tick burden throughout these Colombian cattle types try below one to found in a test having fun with steers grazing about Meta institution (Orinoquia area). Additionally, the average tick load found in the five Colombian breeds inside the our test (17.4 ± 24.6) is lower than you to noticed in other tropical countries eg the new B. indicus Meru crossbred inside Tanzania (37.5 ± eleven.8) and some B. indicus cows populations (White Fulani and you may Bunaji breeds and their crossbreds) in the Nigeria (22 ± 1.4) . The different cattle types, lawn variety, grazing government, herding program, weather conditions and you may ecological aspects of ticks might give an explanation for highest tick burden included in this type of other training.
Tick distribution on cows regulators
New tick weight toward rump and you can end from SM (seven.dos ± 12.2), ROMO (5.8 ± ten.2) and you can CCC (nine.cuatro ± fifteen.1) cattle try more than the tick burden located on the buttocks base, tummy and you may flanks (step one.0 ± dos.cuatro, cuatro.six ± 6.9 and you will 7.dos ± 11.step 1, respectively). Such results agree with those individuals gotten of the when you look at the Nguni cattle. These types of article authors discovered that the fresh new tick load on end and you may perineum is actually higher than the fresh new tick load on the stomach throughout the seasons. A reduced tick weight during the BON, ROMO and you can CCC cattle are seen into lead and you will shoulder followed closely by the rear and you can loin. Likewise, Asmaa et al. learned that a decreased quantity of ticks was basically observed within the sight, neck and bust. Presses favor hidden and you can enjoying anatomical areas into the creature looks . And this, the ideal ecosystem getting tick endurance are beneath the end and you will perineum, maybe explaining the newest large number from ticks seen during these system zones. Simultaneously, the trunk foot, udder, tummy, fore and rear flank much more exposed to turf, which easily attained because of the presses. This is certainly exactly why we seen a top ratio of overall tick burden during these human body areas.
Different varieties of lawn and paddocks in which these types of animals offer you’ll cause variations in tick weight from the anatomical zones. This really is corroborated by the equivalent portion of tick weight by the anatomical areas seen on ROMO and you will CCC types, which have been located at a similar experimental station and you will was fed with the same brand of lawn. Conversely, the tick weight of the anatomical region is very some other from inside the BON and SM breeds, that is to some extent explained by a special ecosystem.
Sex, decades and you will real time pounds
The greater tick burden found in lady will follow the outcomes regarding Rehman mais aussi al. during the Pakistani cows, where ladies had a substantially high tick weight than simply males. Additionally, there was a high incidence away from tick infestation in females (58.7%) compared to men (41.5%) into the Egyptian cattle . At exactly the same time, no extreme distinctions had been discovered towards the infestation frequency out of R. microplus anywhere between gents and ladies inside the Indian en güzel kadinlara sahi̇p ülkeler cattle and you will Mexican cattle . About experimental programs where in actuality the cattle in regards to our study have been left, bulls obtained preferential management because they had asleep episodes till the beginning of the 2nd breeding season, and you may had been designated during the paddocks with a lowered stocking price. Conversely, cattle were usually kept within highest equipping pricing. These particular criteria acquired from the bulls throughout the some months of the season might explain why we found a lower tick load within the guys compared to people inside our study.